If you can afford only one plane I would recommend a general purpose smoothing plane with between a 40 mm to 60 mm wide blade. Yes, good quality,
accurately made smoothing planes can be costly if purchased new - less so if bought used.
Good quality wooden planes may be less costly than metal but are perfectly capable of accurate work. For example, the German made wooden planes by
E.C. Emmerich are of excellent quality and their traditional 'Gent's' plane with 39 mm blade (costing about $59) would be a good bet to begin with.
Alternatively good quality Taiwanese style wooden planes costing around 50$ would be satisfactory. These planes do not have the fancy blade adjustment
mechanisms found on metal planes so are adjusted in the traditional way by tapping the top of the blade or front end of the plane with a non metallic
hammer - a skill that is easily acquired with a little practice.
Check the Lee Valley of Ottawa catalogue on-line for details of these planes.
You will, of course, need to learn how to sharpen the plane blade by hand to a razor edge and so - to start - will also need good quality oil or water
stones for the basic dressing and finishing of the back of the blade and blade bevel before honing with a leather strop dressed with blade honing
compound for bringing the edge to a mirror, razor sharp finish. All of this stuff can cost at least another $50 on top of the cost of the plane.
Again the Lee Valley catalogue carries a range of sharpening materials.
You will learn how to sharpen blades by doing it. Check out the many detailed instructions posted on the Internet or available in books on general
wood working.
Good luck.
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